Inflation

There are different ways for the representatives to voice out their dissatisfaction_ One of the ways is by utilizing picketing. Under segment 40 of Industrial Relation Act permit laborers to go to at or approach their work environment when they have an exchange contest. The reason for picketing are impart issues to the general population and individuals the businesses. Picketing additionally held at noon, and previously or in the wake of working hours. Picketing is enforceable by law as long as it must not threaten anybody. Must not block the passage or leave the association. 3. Outline National Union of Bank workers (NUMB) held another picket on the issue for segregating its Muslim representatives and furthermore In help with the 27 workers that have been sacked by the bank. The picket was held at Clan Tuna Appear. The Muslim representatives had been segregated by prohibited them from playing out their supplications in the workplace by the administration. They had been sacked in lig ht of the fact that they didn't consent to moved to different branches. They had been talked about with the upper administration yet no activity taken by the specialists to settle the Issues.They will articulate to battle for the laborers until Hong Leone Bank restore the sacked 27 representatives. The Mole when reached with Shirring Oarsman official of Hong Leone Bank expressed that the reality of denied Muslim workers was false proclamation. They are not permitted in light of the fact that sugar Is situated In a made sure about region as they were not the staff of the branches and they simply just the NUMB individuals. Nobody is permitted to went into a made sure about region as it has been a standard security strategy of any money related institution.She additionally expressed that its staff had been permitted to play out their petitions thou any preference. 33 Mall Issues The Issues emerges Is separates Its Muslim representatives by prohibited them to play out their supplication s at Sugar. As the official offing Leone express that the Muslim representatives isn't the staff of Hong Leone Bank. Numerous arrangements had been taken by the representatives however all the exchanges isn't achievement on the grounds that there Is no activity taken by them. The Muslim authorities In the Human Resource Ministry,the Government and the specialists neglected to ensure Islam and Muslim employees.Besides that, 27 workers in the Hong Leone Bank were sacked in light of the fact that they did to consent to be moved to different branches. 3. 4 Background Issue Among 300 of NUMB individuals held a picket at Clan Tuna Appear with respect to the Issues of segregating Muslim representatives by denied them to play out their Solar at Sugar and more than 27 workers were sacked. This is on the grounds that Sugar is situated at the made sure about territory. It is a security standard strategy nobody can went into that territory with the exception of the staff of Hong Leone Bank. The official of Hong Leone Bank express that they are not the Hong Leone Bank but rather they are NUMB members.Abdul Jamie as Vice President f Numb individuals emphasized the explanation that Numb individuals are likewise the Hong Leone Employees. During the hour of 2 December until 18 December they are still under Hong Leone business. NUMB General Secretary implement Balance Ministry to make lawful move for these segregation. Hong Leone Bank can't said that NUMB individuals isn't Hong Lemon's representatives. Other than that, more than 27 workers were 1 OFF conversations were held however none of the service make a move over these issues. Tan expressed that the exchange is important to build the viability and proficiency ofHong Leone Bank. 3. 5 Analysis Many of the Numb individuals held a pickets to guarantee that their disappointment can being heard by people in general. Among the issues emerges is the segregation towards Muslim workers. Muslim workers had been refused to play out th eir petition at the Sugar. Branch of Labor will help the businesses the option to remember Muslim workers. Other than that more than 27 representatives were sacked. Their end isn't legitimate without a substantial reasons as they differ to move to different branches and afterward they were sacked.For the excusal of the agreement the businesses ought to in any event pull out of end. Under area 12 of Employment Act 1955 express that, Either gathering to an agreement of administration may whenever provide for the other party notice of his goal to fire such agreement of administration. In the Industrial Relation Act area 20 gives hardware to a businesses to excused its workers. The representatives can cause claims in the event that they to accept their end is without a legitimate reasons.If the Court concur that their end is without a substantial reasons under segment 14 of the Employment demonstration 1955,then the Court will restored their end. 3. 6 Recommendation The organization may utilized Conciliation to tackle their issues. By utilizing outsider as a conciliator. Conciliator is one of the official of Department of Industrial Relation. The conciliator will meet the two gatherings whether independently or Jointly. The conciliator will instructions the issues and help the gatherings to accomplishes shared understanding. Along these lines can be utilized if the arrangements isn't useful.The conciliator will offer the suggestions and guidance. 3. End Discrimination on the Muslim representatives ought to be halted by the administration. Under article 11 of the Federal Constitution express that each individual reserve the privilege to rehearse their own religion and to engender it. The business has no privilege to deter Muslim workers to play out their petitions. As to issues of end without substantial explanation is void. As it repudiate with the Employment Act. The business must give a notification of an administrations before excuse their representatives. On t he off chance that the issues can be settled it would make amicable workplace. Expansion The expense of swelling relies upon two cases; totally foreseen expansion and unexpected expansion. Foreseen expansion is characterized when people can make exact expectations of swelling, they can find a way to shield themselves from its belongings. Likewise, worker's guilds may utilize their bartering influence to haggle for increments in cash wages to secure the genuine wages of patrons. Families might need to switch reserve funds into accounts offering a higher pace of intrigue or into other money related resources where capital additions may surpass value inflation.Businesses can modify their costs and loan specialists can alter financing costs. Be that as it may, organizations may likewise try to support against future value developments by executing in â€Å"forward markets†. For instance, numerous aircrafts, for example, Bahamas-Air may purchase their fuel a very long time ahead of time as an assurance or ‘hedge' against vacillations in world oil costs. In Contra st, When expansion is unexpected, people don't understand that they ought to secure their genuine buying power against a rising value level until the value level has just risen and their genuine buying power has as of now fallen.In this occasion, there will be gainers and failures, as far as buying power, from the swelling. All in all, unforeseen expansion causes a misallocation of assets. Firms, associations, banks, will push costs and wages up. The individuals who can do it best will cause a misallocation of assets. For instance guess laborers at assembling organizations in the Bahamas wage increments, and open workers don't. At that point, assets (work) will be reallocated because of the relative market intensity of the diverse workers.But all the more significantly, loan specialists, for example, Banks will lose as for borrowers, giving people a motivator to get. For example, when Bahamian individuals take out home loans so as to purchase houses at fixed financing costs, they wi nd up aying back less in genuine terms than they had contracted for, riches is then redistributed from banks and other monetary establishments to property holders with contracts. In relative terms, obtaining gets less expensive than paying in cash.Another model would be if people who resign on annuities that are fixed in ostensible sum will discover the estimations of those benefits regarding the products they purchase disintegrated as years go, for this situation the redistribution is from retired people to the proprietors of insurance agencies and other money related establishments that have contracted to pay them fixed dollar sums. Then again, people have the motivating force to spend now before the cost level ascents further.This be that as it may, will push costs up much quicker, and may cause the swelling rate to quicken and if vulnerability keep on expanding, shoppers and financial specialists become less sure about the future, as costs ascend in an unexpected manner. They ma y change their example of spending, and be less ready to attempt extends that set aside a long effort to result. The Costs of Hyperinflation. Hyperinflation is characterize when the costs of most products and enterprises soar, normally over half a month. It as a rule begins when a nation's Federal government starts printing cash to pay for monetary spending.As the cash flexibly builds, costs creep up as in customary swelling. Be that as it may, rather than fixing the cash flexibly to bring down expansion, the administration continues printing more cash to pay for spending. When purchasers acknowledge what's going on, they anticipate intlation. T makes them purchase all the more presently to abstain from following through on a greater expense later. This lifts request, making swelling winding crazy. The main victors in hyperinflation are the individuals who obtained before the hyperinflation. Luckily, the Bahamas have ever experienced hyperinflation yet different nations, for example , Germany and Zimbabwe has.But if the Bahamas was to encounter hyperinflation like Germany, the purchasers can expect 1 . Expansion Expectations and Wage Demands: Price builds lead to higher compensation requests as individuals attempt to keep up their genuine expectations for everyday comforts. This procedure is known as a Wage-value winding'. 2. Discretionary Re-Distributions of Income: Inflation will in general hurt individuals in Jobs with poor bartering positions in the work advertise †for instance individuals in low paid Jobs with next to zero worker's organization insurance may see the genuine estimation of their compensation fall.Inflation can likewise

Perceptions, participation, and change

The Importance of Political Participation It is broadly asserted that the United States of America introduces itself as a supporter of the fair standards on the world field. In spite of the fact that the USA has a long history of the advancement of the foundations of vote based system, the upkeep of their adequacy requires cautious regard for the social and segment issues. The United States is frequently called as the ‘country of immigrants’.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Perceptions, Participation, and Change explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It isn't unexpected as the US populace is spoken to by various diasporas of various nations. The researchers contend that the dynamic populace is one of the most significant highlights of majority rules system (Dalton, 2000). The dynamic populace underpins working of majority rules system since it expect famous intrigue, inclusion in governmental issues, and conversations, which add to the acknowledgment of the social objectives. It is guaranteed that the authenticity and the working of majority rule government are accomplished uniquely through open contribution all the while (Dalton, 2000). Rosenstone and Hansen (1993) show the immediate connection between the turnout decrease and the adjustments in the tip top conduct. The creators stress that the assembly turns into a method of dynamic support in the American governmental issues. They underline the job of decision in the development of the pool of political members (Rosenstone Hansen, 1993). The government officials, gatherings, and intrigue bunches assume a vital job in this procedure. Various examinations center around the interest of the agents of the outside diasporas in the American legislative issues. The disposition of the Muslim Americans to popular government and political procedure in the United States is addressed in progress of Leonard, Choi, Gasim, Patterson, Aydin, Hammer, and different researcher s. The criticalness of the issue is clear because of the wary and twofold disposition of the Americans to the outsiders from the Islam nations. Such demeanor entangles their reconciliation into the American culture: â€Å"The April 18, 2008 Chronicle Review †¦ highlighted on its first page an image of a youthful Palestinian man wearing a dark headband and holding up a Qur’an and a rifle. The image was proposed to stand out to an article contained in the issue titled â€Å"How Just is Islam’s Just-War Tradition?† by Evan R. Goldstein† (Aydin Hammer, 2010, p. 1-2).Advertising Looking for paper on government? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The article referenced above isn't one of a kind as the issue is generally examined in the media. The circumstance is honed by the last military clashes in Afghanistan, Bosnia, Iraq, and other Muslim nations: â€Å"Not every Muslim-American have diasporic bind s to these nations, however each occurrence fills in for instance of why some Muslim-Americans experience dissatisfaction or apathy† (Fatima, 2013, p. 346). The ascent in the counter Muslim violations causes the American Muslims to turn out to be progressively self-assured of their American personalities (Leonard, 2003). They become more activated so as to battle for the protection of their social equality and freedoms. The social associations assume a significant job in this unique situation. It is contended that the systems ought to be seen not just as the arrangement of contacts among individuals but instead as the shared commitments among them (Putnam, 2000). The researchers contended that the 2004 presidential battle demonstrated that the individuals from the Muslim people group took a functioning support in the political procedure, particularly, when they needed to communicate their disposition to the remarkable issues and when they had the solid feelings on them (Choi e t al., 2011). In such manner, â€Å"Muslim American political cases that are not lined up with existing international strategy and that may communicate in the language of emotional reaction are frequently ignored as epistematically conniving (that is, traitorous and suspect)† (Fatima, 2013, p. 346). Fatima (2013) claims that the Muslim Americans ought to effectively take an interest in the improvement of the American international strategy just as illuminate people in general about their cooperation to make progress toward their loyalties and qualities. Most of the examinations have been centered around the clarification of cross-national contrasts in the political commitment with a specific accentuation on casting a ballot. It isn't astonishing that the democratic accepts a significant spot as it speaks to not just the essential component of the equitable political procedure yet additionally the huge scope of the turnout information (Dalton, 2000).Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Perceptions, Participation, and Change explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It has been discovered that the perplexing arrangement of institutional variables decides the national turnout rates. Specifically, such factors as â€Å"voter enrollment frameworks, discretionary methodology, and the level of political rivalry in the general public and the gathering system† assume a pivotal job in the democratic procedure (Dalton 2000, p. 928). Dalton (2000) claims that the examples in the support in the political procedure change. He likewise focuses on that the interest proportion in the political crusades and casting a ballot diminishes in huge numbers of the industrialized nations with the created vote based systems. Notwithstanding, the recurrence of commitment in different exercises rises (Dalton, 2000). Also, the political foundations react to the progressions and new inclinations as per the political states of mind in the general publ ic. The researchers layout the individualization of the advanced political procedure. This inclination mirrors the way that in spite of the fact that the residents become increasingly inspired by the political and social exercises, they attempt to take part in these exercises so as to acquire some close to home additions. Besides, the residents will in general settle on their own political choice paying little mind to the perspectives on the political and social associations. In this regard, they attempt to keep away from the organized and systematized techniques for political investment and to utilize the strategies for direct majority rule government remembering the participation for the local gatherings and social developments. The resident activity turns into a urgent factor in the American governmental issues. Such sort of individualization of the political procedure prompts the heterogeneity of the open interests (Dalton, 2000). Religion Institutions and political preparation Some researchers concentrate on the job of strict organizations in the political activation. It has been discovered that the congregation epitomizing the strict custom assumes a significant position in the political assembly (Smidt, 1999). Also, the participation of the congregation may impact people’s mentality to the political procedure and make its guests the dynamic members of the metro society.Advertising Searching for paper on government? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The discoveries of Jones-Correa and Leal (2001) affirm ongoing examinations. Specifically, they demonstrate the significant job of the associational participation for urban conduct. The creators guarantee that the associational enrollment and the political commitment are two firmly associated ideas. In this regard, the enrollment in places of worship speaks to a significant city affiliation drawing in its individuals into the political and social procedures (Jones-Correa Leal, 2001). The quantity of mosques and their members are encountering critical increment. By and large, every mosque includes more than 1,625 Muslims effectively taking an interest in the strict life (Bagby et al., 2001). Dodds (2002) claims that the mosque itself is in excess of a building development since it speaks to an Islamic people group with its capacities and explicit nature supporting the strict life. Most of mosques are associated with the exercises other than the strict help of the petitions. Specifical ly, they visit a school or church to introduce Islam, work with the media, contact a political pioneer, and take part in an interfaith exchange (Bagby et al., 2001). The mosques regularly give the money help. Strikingly, a significant number of them take an interest in the directing and help the detained. They likewise help the poor by giving the food and apparel. The measurements shows that the greater part of the American mosques are subsidiary with other Muslim associations (Bagby et al., 2001). It ought to be expressed that â€Å"Mosque members are in this way arranged in a one of a kind and multifunctional area that serves their motivational, shared, and social needs† (Jamal, 2005, p. 537). The creator recognizes quirks of various Muslim diasporas. For instance, the mosques of the Arab Muslims are effectively included into the political movement. They utilize the chances, which the enrollment in the urban culture gives to them. Moreover, their action is portrayed by the solid gathering awareness: â€Å"For African and Arab Americans, the mosque fills in as a collectivizing discussion that features Muslim regular battles in standard American society† (Jamal, 2005, p. 537). Conversely, â€Å"though the mosques of the South Asian countries add to the interest of their individuals in the political procedure, they don't endeavor to expand the degrees of political commitment just as the degrees of gathering consciousness† (Jamal, 2005, p. 537). Extra data required In request to demonstrate the main speculation expressing that most of the American Muslims partake in the undertakings of ideological groups and specific vested parties since they have faith in majority rule government and its qualities, extra data is required. Specifically, the materials surveyed don't give an away from into the political perspectives on t

Capitalist Economy Essay

The privilege of private property implies that profitable factors, for example, land, industrial facilities, hardware, mines and so on are under private possession. The proprietors of these components are allowed to utilize them in the way in which they like. The legislature may; be that as it may, put a few limitations to support the general public when all is said in done; Opportunity of big business: This implies everyone participates in any financial action he enjoys. All the more explicitly he is allowed to set up any firm to create products. Opportunity of decision for the shoppers: This implies individuals in an industrialist economy are allowed to spend their pay as they want. This is known as purchaser sway. Customers are sovereign as in makers produce just those merchandise which purchasers are happy to purchase. Benefit intention: In an industrialist economy, it is the benefit thought process which powers or prompts individuals to work and produce; Competition: Competition wins among the merchants to sell their merchandise and among purchasers to get products to fulfill their needs. Commercial, value cutting, rebate and so on., are seen as the typical strategies for rivalry in any industrialist economy. Imbalances of wages: There is commonly a wide hole of salary between the rich and the poor in the pay which for the most part emerges because of inconsistent conveyance of property in such economies. Benefits of entrepreneur economy: Coming up next are the benefits of entrepreneur economy: 1.To pull in the purchaser, the maker is in a situation to bring out more current and better assortments of merchandise; 2.The presence of private property and the main impetus of benefit intention brings about exclusive expectation of living; 3.Capitalism works naturally through the value instrument; 4.The opportunity of big business brings about greatest proficiency underway; 5.All exercises under private enterprise appreciate the most extreme measure of freedom and opportunity; 6.Under free enterprise opportunity of decision carries greatest fulfillment to buyers; 7.Capitalism jam key rights, for example, right to opportunity and right to private property; 8.It prizes men of activity and undertaking; Nation all in all advantages through development of business abilities, improvement of research and so on., Bad marks of free enterprise: Coming up next are the bad marks of private enterprise: 1.In free enterprise the huge riches delivered is allotted by a couple. This causes rich more extravagant and poor, more unfortunate; 2.Welfare isn't ensured under free enterprise, on the grounds that here the point is benefit and not the government assistance of the individuals; 3.Economic flimsiness as far as over creation, financial downturn, joblessness and so on., is extremely basic under private enterprise; 4.The maker spends immense measures of cash on ad and deal advancement exercises like fairs, displays and so forth., 5.Class clash emerges among business and worker and they will be paid low wages and this prompts strikes and lock outs; 6.Productive assets are abused under private enterprise and they are utilized for the creation on extravagances as they will undoubtedly bring high benefits; 7.Capitalism prompts the development of restraining infrastructures and 8.There is no security of work for the laborers and representatives under private enterprise. Reference: http://classof1.com/schoolwork help/financial matters schoolwork help/

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The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 764 Words

Darius Tann Professor King English 101.023 30 March 2016 The Yellow Wallpaper In Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short piece, The Yellow Wallpaper, the narrator faces many adversities as a woman such as: mental health, and living in a time period when they are not treated equal to men. Gilman’s personal life is reflected through this story because she dealt with similar challenges the narrator herself has to overcome. â€Å"Her lectures, novels, short stories, magazine articles (including her best known work, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†), and nonfiction books challenged the dominant ideas about women’s role in society and helped shape the movement for women’s suffrage and women’s rights. (Dreier, 2016)† The theme and symbols not only illustrate how the roles of men and women are portrayed unequal to one another, but also the transition to insanity that comes from enforced suppression. The state of ignorance placed on women is shown throughout the story by the obstacles, reactions, a nd mental state. The narrator deals with a deep depression, forced by the direction of her physician to stay in a locked room and unable to think or express herself. Gilman wrote this story based upon events that happened in her life. After the birth of her first child, Gilman sank into depression and suffered nervous breakdowns. She was not only forbid to work, but her doctor applied the rest cure, which caused to come near borderline mental ruin. Gilman portrayed her emotions in thatShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman885 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen a stigma around mental illness and feminism. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in the 1900’s. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† has many hidden truths within the story. The story was an embellished version her own struggle with what was most likely post-partum depression. As the story progresses, one can see that she is not receiving proper treatment for her d epression and thus it is getting worse. Gilman uses the wallpaper and what she sees in it to symbolize her desire to escapeRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are flawed individuals. Although flaws can be bad, people learn and grow from the mistakes made. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, gives one a true look at using flaws to help one grow. Gilman gives her reader’s a glimpse into what her life would have consisted of for a period of time in her life. Women were of little importance other than to clean the house and to reproduce. This story intertwines the reality of what the lives of woman who were considered toRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1362 Words   |  6 Pagesas freaks. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, both of these elements are present. Gilman did a wonderful job portraying how women are not taken seriously and how lightly mental illnesses are taken. Gilman had, too, had firsthand experience with the physician in the story. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s believes that there really was no difference in means of way of thinking between men or women is strongly. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story about a woman whoRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1547 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman s career as a leading feminists and social activist translated into her writing as did her personal life. Gilman s treatment for her severe depression and feelings of confinement in her marriage were paralleled by the narrator in her shorty story, The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents, Mary Fitch Perkins and Fredrick Beecher Perkins, divorced in 1869. Her dad, a distinguished librarian and magazine editorRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2032 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a poem about women facing unequal marriages, and women not being able to express themselves the way they want too. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born in 1860, and died in 1935. This poem was written in 1892. When writing this poem, women really had no rights, they were like men’s property. So writing â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† during this time era, was quite shocking and altered society at the time. (Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Feminization ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman904 Words   |  4 Pagescom/us/definiton/americaneglish/rest-cure?q=rest+cure). Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper as a reflection of series of events that happened in her own life. Women who fought the urge to be the typical stereotype were seen as having mental instabilities and were considered disobedient. The societal need for women to conform to the standards in the 1800s were very high. They were to cook, clean and teach their daughters how to take care of the men. Gilman grew up without her father and she vowedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman999 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story of a woman s psychological breakdown, which is shown through an imaginative conversation with the wallpaper. The relationship between the female narrator and the wallpaper reveals the inner condition of the narrator and also symbolically shows how women are oppressed in society. The story, read through a feminist lens, reflects a woman s struggle against the patriarchal power structure. In the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses the wallpaperRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat wallpaper as I did?† the woman behind the pattern was an image of herself. She has been the one â€Å"stooping and creeping.† The Yellow Wallpaper was written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In the story, three characters are introduced, Jane (the narrator), John, and Jennie. The Yellow Wallpaper is an ironic story that takes us inside the mind and emotions of a woma n suffering a slow mental breakdown. The narrator begins to think that another woman is creeping around the room behind the wallpaper, attemptingRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman846 Words   |  4 PagesThe dignified journey of the admirable story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† created by Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, gave the thought whether or not the outcome was influenced by female oppression and feminism. Female oppression and feminist encouraged a series of women to have the freedom to oppose for their equal rights. Signified events in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† resulted of inequality justice for women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman gave the reader different literary analysis to join the unjustifiableRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1704 Words   |  7 PagesEscaping The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) whom is most acclaimed for her short story The Yellow Wallpaper (1891) was a women’s author that was relatively revolutionary. Gilman makes an appalling picture of captivity and confinement in the short story, outlining a semi-personal photo of a young lady experiencing the rest cure treatment by her spouse, whom in addition to being her husband was also her therapist. Gilman misused the rest cure in The Yellow Wallpaper to alarm other

Essay about Basketball - 1049 Words

WHY THE NBA DREAM IS RUINING COLLEGE BASKETBALL nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The National Basketball Association is a corporate powerhouse with installments in nearly every major city in the United States. With the exception of European soccer, professional basketball generates more money per season than any other sport in the world. NBA superstars carry as much authority in the entertainment business as the most popular actors, comedians, and musicians. Even the guys who are last off the bench are making more money in one season than the average middle-class worker makes in five years. Corporate America sells its images, logos, slogans, ideas, and viable goods by employing NBA stars to speak publicly on-behalf of their materials. More†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;College basketball has suffered as of late because of this inclination. Too many talented kids have jumped to the pros without considering the benefits college offers. Besides earning a substantial degree and being able to find a job after the baske tball years have passed, college allows athletes to physical and mentally mature in their roles as leaders on and off the court. The skill levels of younger generations are evolving at an astonishing rate, but basketball at the professional level is much more than skill. The NBA game is as much mental patience and court understanding as it is physical domination. High school athletes typically lack the mental sharpness playing in the NBA demands, but college recruiters and coaches have not been able to successfully sell the benefits of education over the big pay offs agents guarantee. Maturity off the court is another issue. Eighteen and nineteen year-old professional athletes should not have to deal with the stresses the NBA unleashes on its new inductees. Money, women, drugs, gambling, travel demands, and corporate contracts are extremely dangerous at such young ages. Once again, it comes back to college representatives not being able to out-market NBA agents and the big promises and incentives they regularly promise. Agents also commonly point out the difficulty in managing educational tasks andShow MoreRelatedBasketball And Basketball : Basketball Vs. Basketball1083 Words   |  5 PagesBasketball is the best sport in the nation. It was created by a Canadian man named James Naismith and he was a PE teacher.The first basketball goals were peach baskets and they played in cages made of chicken wire and mesh. At the beginning of basketball, they used soccer balls before actual basketballs were created.They also did not dribble a lot at the beginning of basketball, they would catch the ball and take a couple of steps to slow down or stop. Since then the game of basketball has changedRead MoreBasketball Vs. 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Evaluation of the elements of Integrated Marketing Communication

Question: Discuss about the Report for Evaluation of Integrated Marketing Communication Campaign. Answer: Introduction Govindarajan (2009) Integrated Marketing Communication consist of all strategies such as Advertising, Sales promotion, Personal selling, PR/Publicity and Direct marketing which links together for conveying a message to a particular target segment. In todays highly competitive market an Integrated Marketing Communication campaign plays a key role for an effective communication (pp. 265). In this report we will evaluate the Integrated Marketing Communication campaign of Hungry Jacks Australia, our main focus will be on evaluation of theoretical concept under IMC and examining and evaluation of various elements under contemporary communication mix. For evaluation process we will relate the IMC campaign of Hungry Jacks Australia with the communication theories given by Belch et al. We will do a critique analysis on Hungry Jacks IMC campaign and apply various communication models for providing them better recommendations on their Integrated Marketing Communication campaign. For completing this task we will use kind of quality resources such as: Internet, Web sources and books written by Belch et al and other marketing writers. Importance of communication in IMC This report is going to provide a critique analysis on Integrated Marketing Communication campaign of Hungry Jacks Australia with relation to Belch et al communication model. Before going to the main discussion it is essential to understand the importance of communication in IMC to get an initial grasp on our study area. Kazmi Batra (2008) Integrated Marketing Communication plays a major role for conveying message to a particular target audience; it conveys and spread the message in same time to future and existing customers. This helps an organization to create awareness about the brand among its customers. An integrated marketing communication is not only important in marketing but also to maintain a good interaction between an organization and its customers (pp. 121). In todays highly competitive market an effective IMC campaign helps an organization to create brand loyalty related to a particular product or service. Dutta (2010) If your communication is effective and creative and you are able to present the features of the product or service nicely in front of the customer in that case a customer will not think twice to purchase your product, it doesnt matter how a different brand providing similar product or service with lesser price, it is all about creativity. The main purpose of an integrate d marketing communication campaign is to build a relationship with your customers for a long term basis. An integrated marketing communication is not all about spreading message in the same time it is also taking feedback from its customers regarding the usability of a product or service so that a company or an organization can eliminate those unwanted issues which may affect the brand image (pp. 180-183). These days are gone when a company or an organization focused only on promoting products or services through IMC campaigns, the market scenario has changed a lot due to globalization it is all about competition. Therefore taking of feedback is also important to maintain the long term sustainability of a brand. In order to convey message efficient and effectively an appropriate medium of communication is also essential in integrated marketing communication campaign. Though there are various medium of communication present now days to convey marketing message such as Television, Radio, News Paper, Web and Social media etc. If an organization or a company is not able to identify the correct medium for their campaign sometimes the message spread may go against the company and can harm the overall brand image. Suppose a company spread the massage over internet for its remote and rural areas target audience where internet is not easily accessible in that case there will be a lack in communication process because the message spread will not properly reach to its target audiences and it will not be considered as a successful integrated marketing communication campaign. Hungry Jacks Australia and its IMC campaign Hungry Jacks is a subsidiary of Burger king Australia the company deals in franchise business. The company was found in 1971, headquarters based in Osborne Park, Western Australia. It is a fast food company and few of its products are Hamburgers, Chicken products, Deserts etc (Hungryjacks.com/au, 2016, Para. 1). We have chosen Hungry Jacks Australia to critique its IMC campaign with relation to Belch communication model theory. When we talk about Hungry Jacks Australias IMC campaign we notice bizarre of thing because from the starting the company has experimented with various IMC campaigns, though the ratio of success rate is quite low according to their investments in IMC campaign. From last few years we have noticed that Hungry Jacks has made their focus on social media campaign and they are using this social media tool as their main integrated marketing communication campaign an example of that is their shake and win mobile app after launching of that app it has become the most downloaded Australian app in Apple app store. This app has developed by Clemenger BBDO Sydney; through this app they attracted their targeted segment by availing various discounts from Hungry Jacks exclusive stores. Get the app shake the mobile after installing it and avail discount coupon. Hungry jacks have promot ed this app through various YouTube channels (Campaignbrief, 2012, Para. 1-4). Another thing of their social media campaign consist of promoting low fat burgers targeting women segment through Facebook, twitter etc. But this not the end we cannot ignore their recent move for promoting their hamburgers by taken the advantages of recent political scenario where they run a thirty seconds advertisement through various social sites and asked the Australian people to vote for their PM . People need to go to the website and cast their vote, with a successful submission of their vote people were rewarded with free meal or upgraded meal from various Hungry Jacks stores. The campaign was created by Channel T a social agency. All in all we can say that Hungry Jacks has made lots of strategically change in their integrated marketing communication campaign compare to the previous ones they have adapted the new era of marketing and implemented this through various social media IMC campaigns (Cann ing, 2016, Para. 1-8). Belch et als theoretical communication model We need to evaluate Hungry Jacks IMC campaign with relate to Belch communication model and need to apply those theories in our recommendations. Therefore discussion of Belchs model is quite important for us to get an idea about how He has mentioned all sections of an IMC for a successful campaign. Integrated Marketing Communication plan: Marketing objective Analysis of promotion program situation Analysis of communication process Budget determination Develop integrated marketing communication program Advertising Sales promotion Personal selling PR/Publicity Direct marketing Advertising Sales promotion Personal selling PR/Publicity Direct marketing Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives Message and Sales promotion Personal selling PR/Publicity Direct marketing Media strategy Strategy Strategy Strategy Strategy Integration and implementation of communications strategy Monitoring, evaluating and controlling integrated marketing communications program Caption: Belchs model of communication process Source: Internet Source: Belch Belch (2014) In communication process source is the organization from where the message starts or sent (pp. 453-455). Message: Belch Belch (2014) Message is the information which will convey to its customers for communication. In IMC message must be a creative one and specific (pp. 453-455). Channel: Belch Belch (2014) Channel is the medium through which a message transfers from one end to another. Channel must be chose according to the target audience (pp. 453-455). Receiver/Decoding: Belch Belch (2014) Receiver is the person who will receive the message and decoding is the process of analyzing the message to get its actual meaning (pp. 453-455). Noise: Belch Belch (2014) throughout the whole communication process the sent message interacts with various factors this may result in repetition of message this is called noise in communication process (pp. 453-455). Feedback: Belch Belch (2014) after decoding the message the receiver gives the response regarding the message to the sender (pp. 453-455). Critically evaluation of Hungry Jacks IMC campaign Promoting your brand through mobile app is good but for that you need to choose an appropriate channel. According to Belchs model the channel for communication must be selected by keeping the target audience in your mind. Of course Hungry Jacks chosen medium or channel is not good at all, you made a mobile app and promoting it through YouTube channels only, how many users are there in YouTube? How many of them watch videos regularly? The percentage is limited also there is a feature in YouTube to block adds most of us do it to face or watch hassle free videos. Not only this but also they have made the app availability only through Apple store and they ignored the vast Android market, the users of Android is quite higher than Apple. During the time of promoting low fat burgers for women target segment they stop all other campaigns and run only one campaign which is Nothing naughty about it especially designed for women segment and choose the social media where other segments are also attached, choosing of social media is not good when you are delivering a specific message to specific target audience, here your channel for communication must be specific where the target audience visits regularly. According to Belch your delivered message must be a creative one and need to make a positive impact on your target segment. When we talk about the Hungry jacks strategy for promoting their hamburgers by taking the help of political scenario, do you thing that it is the right way to promote, no never because there are many people who dont like politics at all this strategy may harm their brand image badly. Considering social media as your main and major integrated marketing communication tool can become risky because there are lots of disadvantages present in social media such as the review system if someone put a bad review on your message you cannot delete it or if you can, it will create a bad impression in front of your consumers that you are intentionally hiding the bad side of yours not only this but also any bad thing can go viral within a second it is impossible to control such things on social media. According to Belch you should choose a channel or medium where you can communicate effectively with your target segment. Promoting through twitter channel is not good at all your communication will not be considered as much as effective on twitter because there is a word restriction or word limit on twitter, sometime it may become impossible to deliver an effective message within 140 words. Conclusion From the above analysis we have gather the knowledge about an integrated marketing communication campaign and understand the importance of IMC in a marketing strategy. We have found that a communication medium or a channel plays a key role while delivering a message to your particular target audiences also the channel or medium must be selected by keeping the target audience in your mind, where customer interacts frequently. In its IMC campaign Hungry Jacks is not good enough, they are lacking in choosing of appropriate medium also the sent message is not appropriate for their promotion strategy, which may affect their brand image and decrease in sales. Recommendations Following are the recommendations for their successful operation in IMC campaign: While promoting a mobile app they should go for mass media strategy only a specific medium will not work, the users of YouTube are limited also now days everyone owns a mobile phone. Therefore choosing of mass media will assist them in delivering the message vastly and it will reach to maximum number of customers (Marketing-schools.org, 2012, Para. 2-3). They should avoid using social media while delivering a specific message to a specific target audience, like what they did in promoting low fat burgers it was totally a worst one. Because under social media each and every target segment is connected. A specific message for a specific target audience may create a bad impact on other segments too. You must go for specific channel where your particular segment visits regularly. For an example low fat burgers are related to women segment they can promote it through cooking TV channels, lifestyle TV channels and womens magazine (Knauer, 2016, Para. 1-2). They must avoid promoting its products with relating to political scenarios rather they can promote by relating various sports, games etc because Australian people are more involved in sports compare to other countries. Global warming is becoming a big issue now days, they must encourage people for not throwing the packets of burgers, meals etc. here and there through their sent message this way they can show that how much concern they are about eco-friendly system. According to Belch an IMC campaign must be delivered vastly so that the message can reach to maximum number of customers, only depending on social media is not good enough they should also promote through other mediums like TV, News Paper, and Radio etc. so that they can reach the maximum number of customers. References Ali, L. (2016, May 9). Era of integrated marketing communication at hungry jacks [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://mpk732t12016clusterb.wordpress.com/2016/05/09/era-Of-int egrated-marketing-communication-hungry-jacks/ Belch, G. E., Belch, M. A. (2014). Advertising and promotion: an integrated marketing communic ation perspective. Tata McGraw Hill: Noida. Campaign brief. (2012). Clemenger bbdo Sydney- created hungry jacks iphone app reaches 265k dow nloads since launch. Retrieved from https://www.campaignbrief.com/2012/07/hungry-jacks-ip hone-app-reach.html Canning, S. (2016). Hungry jacks invites customers to vote for a hamburger in new campaign. Retrieved From://www.mumbrella.com.au/election-time-not-vote-hamburger-371963 Dutta, Bholanath. (2010). Marketing management. Excel books: New Delhi. Govindarajan, M. (2009). Marketing management: concepts, cases, challenges and trends. PHI Learning: New Delhi. Hungry Jacks. (2016). About us. Retrieved from https://www.hungryjacks.com.au/ about-us Kanuer, A. (2016, April 21). 4 ways brand marketers can make integrated marketing easier for local franc Chisees [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.brandmuscle.com/blog/4-ways-brand-marketers -can-make-integrated-marketing-easier-local-franchisees-solmr/ Kazmi, S. H., Batra, S. K. (2008). Advertising and sales promotion. Excel books: New Delhi. Marketing-schools. (2012). Integrated marketing. Retrieved from https://www.marketing-schools.org/types -of-marketing/integrated-marketing.html Schiff, J. L. (2014). 7 ways to create a successful integrated marketing campaign. Retrieved from https://w ww.cio.com/article/2377257/online-marketing/7-ways-to-create-a-successful-integrated-marketi ng-campaign.html

To Kill a Mockingbird on Commitment Essay Example For Students

To Kill a Mockingbird: on Commitment Essay To Kill a Mockingbird: Essay on Commitment BY Firegtr11411 The Play of To Kill a Mockingbird Paragraph Plan for Critical Essay Task: Choose a play in which a character shows commitment to principles, ideals and individuals despite difficulties he encounters. Show what difficulties the character encounters and explain why he remains committed. A play in which a character shows commitment is the play of To Kill a Mockingbird, based on the novel by Harper Lee and dramatised by Christopher Sergel. The play, set in the American Deep South of the 1930, is about a white lawyer, Atticus Finch, who encounters difficulties in the orm of prejudice and hatred when he decides to defend a black man called Tom Robinson, accused of sexually assaulting a white woman. This essay will show how Atticus remains committed to his principles, ideals and individuals in the play by exploring setting, characterisation and key incidents. The difficulties the main character encounters are rooted in the setting of the play. We will write a custom essay on To Kill a Mockingbird: on Commitment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The action takes place in a village called Maycomb, a tired old town dominated by poverty, in Alabama in 1935. Racism was entrenched in the Deep South at the time and is highlighted in the frequent use of the highly offensive term nigger by the townspeople. Atticus is aware that his defence of a black man will create conflict for him and his family and reminds his children We will be fighting our friends, preparing them for a potential backlash. Atticus is a character who is committed to the principles of tolerance and empathy. He values empathy highly. When his children harass their recluse neighbour Boo, Atticus does not punish them but reminds them to show more empathy: miou see, you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view. Until you climb into his skin and walk around in it, showing hat he acts according to his principles. He is not frightened to stand up for his beliefs and, possibly surprisingly, is very tolerant in a prejudiced and bigoted society. He points out that One thing doesnt abide by majority rule a persons conscience. He is very courageous in pursuing this principle and is even willing to risk his own safety in the case of Tom Robinson he defends him from a lynch mob. Mr Cunningham, one of the villagers, warns him: mfou know what we want. Stop aside from the door, Mr Finch. It is impressive to see how Atticus, sitting outside the Jail ith a chair and a light, reading a book, remains calm, non-confrontational and defensive to defuse this situation full of difficulties. Atticus is a character that acts as an example to the audience as he lives by his commendable beliefs. Atticus decision to defend Tom shows he is committed to the accused despite encountering hostility. This decision is based on his belief in the fundamental strength of the American justice system. He declares in our courts all men are created equal but is at the same time aware of the limitations of that principle due to the potentially racist views f the Jury. He skilfully defends Tom and openly acknowledges Mayella Ewells motive for lying as she has broken a taboo: She has committed no crime, but she broke a rigid code of our society, a code so severe that whoever breaks it is hounded out from our midst as unfit to live with. He has some sympathy for Mayellas lie but also reminds her that it has put Toms freedom, even his life, at risk. During Atticus defence, he exposes Bob Ewell, Mayellas father, as a brutal and controlling liar and on by Bob, he stays calm and remarks dryly: l wish Bob Ewell wouldnt chew obacco. The trial creates enormous pressure on Atticus because of emotive issues involved but he remains principled and composed and delivers an impressive defence. .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .postImageUrl , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:hover , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:visited , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:active { border:0!important; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:active , .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0 .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udb0e4d2c5a3d51aa59899b4e58dcccc0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Chevron EssayDespite the shocking guilty verdict, the audience sense that a little victory has been achieved by Atticus as Bob Ewells true nature has been highlighted. Later on in the play Bob Ewell attacks Jem and Scout, an event a key incident and the climax of the play that Atticus did not foresee because he always tries to see the best in people. He falsely believes that Jem has killed Bob and wants his son to face he consequences, stating that he wont hush up but it becomes apparent Boo, the neighbour, killed Ewell to protect the children. It is a compliment to Atticus principled parenting that Scout at the end of the play a more mature person agrees with sheriffs attempt to protect their neighbour Boo, remarks, l mean, itd be sort of like shooting a mockingbird, wouldnt it. She acknowledges Boo does not do any harm to anybody with his lifestyle like a mockingbird and shows the kind of empathy in that Atticus wants his children to have for other people. At the end of the lay some of the conflict created by Tom Robinsons trial is resolved but with the prevalence of racism it is never far from the surface. In conclusion, Atticus is an impressive and admirable character who remains true to his ideals and principles of empathy, tolerance and equality in difficult circumstances created by the racism, intolerance and hatred around him. Instead of being a token lawyer for Tom, he stays true to the principle of equality before the law and delivers a committed and impressive defence. Atticus principles and actions act as a beacon of hope for more tolerance in a hostile environment.

Effects of Welfare Reform On The Acquistion of Education for Women essays

Effects of Welfare Reform On The Acquistion of Education for Women essays This entire research centers around identifying the influence and impact of the benefits, or lack thereof, welfare reforms on the educational attainment of adult women, in particular those identified as at risk, which also included the dropout rates of female students. In August of 1996, President Bill Clinton signed into law the most extensive welfare reform legislation ever enacted since Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) was revised in the 1960s. With the signing of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act, the federal government implemented a "work- first" policy that imposed strict time limitations and work requirements for parents receiving aid. Even though the "work- first"legislation was praised by federal policy-makers as being the answer to welfare dependency, this legislation has, in fact, become an obstacle to financial independence for many low income parents who see education and training, rather than immediate low-wage employment as the ticket out of poverty. The new law imposed work requirements that make it unfeasible if not impossible for parents receiving aid to complete a degree program. Under the new federal law, the guaranteed JOBS program was eliminated and replaced by Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF) specific The new welfare policy was created with the idea that education is a luxury which is helpful, but not necessary. According to the new federal system of beliefs (at that time), job experience is seen as an adequate and less costly alternative to education, therefore it took precedence over education programs. In order to ensure that recipients engaged in work activities, the new law imposed monetary sanctions. The authors felt that the adjustments on education in adult women have been abandoned by researchers, therefore creating a huge knowledge gap that this study attempts to address...

Work Place Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Work Place Analysis - Essay Example Work Place Analysis Business organizations have been established to serve varied purposes. Financial enterprises, of which one belongs and works for, served the needs of diverse clientele and stakeholders. Since more organizations have opted to become global, competition becomes fiercer and stiffer. Clients are able to differentiate on various financial institutions that apparently offer similar services in terms of three relevant factors: organizational culture, management and leadership style, and ethical considerations. In this regard, the current paper aims to present a more in-depth analysis of one’s work place in terms of these three factors and how the presence or absence of these crucial ingredients affect the attainment of organizational goals. An organization’s culture was learned to comprise of a set of symbols and components which include the company’s observable atmosphere, shared values, common assumptions, stories-rites-rituals-symbols, and cultural roles. As a financial organization, one’s work place defined in mission and vision statements as follows: ‘to become a consistently excellent leader in providing varied financial services to a wide array of clients and that which caters to their distinct and specific needs’. Given this statement, the financial organization had developed a recognizable behavior that exudes focusing on providing customer satisfaction through the training and development of its human resources. Thus, the organization has been noted by customers to provide excellent customer service through the exemplary behavior and conduct of all personnel they get to interact with. The behavior that exhibited conformity to ideals of providing excellent customer service incl udes sharing the following corporate philosophy: Values for Customer Service: Being attentive to customers’ needs and demands; Exuding a happy and optimistic disposition while attending to customers’ needs; Offering personalized service; Finding out other products and services which could be extended beyond what is being asked for; and Surpassing the customers’ expectations for services rendered. Likewise, the organization has also recognized that a fully motivated staff and personnel would be able to deliver the expected values for customer service if and when they are duly trained and develop to respond to the customers’ varied needs and demands. As such, the values for employees are hereby part of the corporate philosophy: Values for Employees The organization recognizes the crucial role and importance of human resources towards delighting the customers and achieving organizational goals; Regular training and development programs that focus on customer service, performance of responsibilities; and preparing for advancement are frequently scheduled and conducted; and Employees are to be provided with incentives and benefits with include promotions, bonuses, as well as acknowledgements to reward exemplary performance in providing excellent customer service, as well as in contributing to the achievement of organizational goals. Given the shares values, it is therefore part of the organization’s culture that the following common assumptions are adhered to: integrity, honesty, commitment in one’s performance of duties and responsibilities, professionalism, respect for authority, and conformity to the code of discipline and work ethics as stipulated in the organization’s policies and procedures. It is therefore a familiar practice to encourage customer feedback through brief customer survey forms that are provided by the bank tellers and front desk personnel to encourage solicitation of information from the

Concept of learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concept of learning - Essay Example By using metacognitive skills such as strategic thinking, the students have a better chance of being successful on a much wider variety of performance measures than by just using rote memorization. What is the Difference Between Learning and Performance Learning is the concept of gaining new information. Most students are naturally curious and have an affinity for learning. Performance, on the other hand is a demonstration of what has been learned, or is it? There are many students who learn, yet are not able to perform what they have actually learned. Many factors go into the issue of performance. Learning, as we know it in the classroom, takes a basic three step approach. Each concept must be presented orally, visually, and kinetically in order reach each student in a way that can be assimilated. For this reason, students are given many activities to perform while learning a new concept. Today’s children are much less auditorially oriented than their predecessors. They are n o longer will to sit and listen to boring lectures about vague concepts; children learn what they do. It is up to us, as educators, to make learning interesting and student focused. ( Shippey, 2010) The students of yesterday knew many facts; rote learning was the way education was done.

Educational psychology Essay Example for Free

Educational psychology Essay Introduction Welcome to the study of another important subject in the Bachelor of Education Curriculum. By the end of this course the student will be able to: 1. Define, sociology and sociological foundations in education. 2. Identify any five important points about the relevance of Sociological foundations in education. 3. Examine indigenous Ghanaian Education System and its influence on Western Formal Education. 4. Draw a distinction between educational sociology and sociology of education. 5. Analyze the dichotomy between rural and urban education delivery. 6. Discuss the dynamics and import of culture. 7. Define socialization and its relevance to Western Formal Education. Definition of Sociology and Sociological Foundations in Education 1. Vander Zanden sees Sociology as the scientific study of human organization. 2. Agyeman (1992, p. 47), sees â€Å"Sociology† as â€Å" a discipline which studies the nature and functions of human societies and the changes that take place within them. † He believes that sociology is largely concerned with understanding the relationships that exist between people which ultimately govern their behavior within the society. 3. Metta Spencer considers Sociology as the study of human group life. The question is, what is human group life? Human group life refers to the life of people in an institution. Such people are governed by conventions (unwritten constitution, or unwritten rules and regulations), with aims and purposes for gluing them together within a particular location. 4. Sociology as a discipline is interested in what makes human group life, possible, within a given society. 5. What is society? The term society refers to the entire complex network of the social world. It may refer to social life in the abstract, without reference to a specific place, but more often, it refers to a country, a nation or a state like Ghana, Nigeria, Gambia, etc. What is Educational Sociology? Bhattacharya (2003, 2006, p. 1. , in Brown 1947), defined Educational Sociology as the application of Sociology to educational problems. Educational Sociology is particularly interested in finding out how to manipulate the educational process to achieve better social and personality development. Educational Sociology asks the question what problems or influence does society bring to the school. What is Sociology of Education? Sociology of Education on the other hand emphasizes on the nature of human relations within the school and the social structure within which the school operates in the Community. In other words, Sociology of Education is concerned with what problems or influence the school brings to or /has on the society. Corollary: Educational Sociology—the influence of society on education. Sociology of education—the influence of education on society. Sociological foundations in education Now that we understand sociology of education and educational sociology, we can apply the concepts to identify what the course, sociological foundations in a education seeks to achieve. This course is like a hermaphrodite. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary defines hermaphrodite as a person, an animal or a flower that has both male and female sexual organs and characteristics. The Course considers the influence of society on education, and also that of education on society. These two themes run though the course like a thread that holds a number of beads together. Chapter Two How societies thrive Societies last long, because they meet the following characteristics: Each society has a a. geographical location, b. culture and population. c. Specific needs. d. In –built mechanisms to achieve these needs. Ghana as a country for instance, needs to reproduce to replenish her population; she does this by †¢educating her citizens, †¢producing goods and services to meet the social life and status of her population, †¢governing her people that so there could be law and order, her people becoming good citizens, †¢ meeting their emotional aspirations such as, the quest for religion, and †¢assisting her citizens to meet their recreational and physical needs through health services. From the foregoing indications about how families thrive, it may be stated that societal needs are provided by social institutions within a country. Peil (1977, p.17) defines a social institution as â€Å"an enduring complex of norms, roles, values and sanctions which embrace a distinct segment of inter-human life. † According to Peil, Social Institutions are specially organized and arranged social networks of the members who constitute the society. Humans are therefore noted to have the ability to interact with each other in their daily encounter; and by so doing achieve their needs and their continuity across generations (Agyeman 1992, p. 47). Society thus, thrives in four major institutions: 1. Marriage and the family 2. Economic institutions 3. Political organizations 4. Religious groups/Religious institutions. 1. Marriage and the Family When a child is born, it is brought up in a family, through a process called socialization. Authorities have defined socialization. A few of such definitions are as follows, though much of it would be examined in lesson ten. Socialization is a process of learning to relate to, and interact with others; a process of adopting the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture; an act of establishing oneself according to the principles of socialism; the act of meeting for social purposes, and participating in social activities. .(http://www. babylon. com/definition/socialization/Latvian, retrieved January 31 2012). Socialization is also a term used by sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists, politicians and educationists to refer to the process of inheriting norms, customs and ideologies. It may provide the individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating in activities within their own society. A society itself is formed through a plurality of shared norms, customs, values, traditions, social roles, symbols and languages. Socialization is thus ‘the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained. ’ (http://www. babylon. com/definition/socialization/Latvian January 31 2012). Thus the processes of socialization determine the main agenda of marriage as an institution; a few functions of marriage are as follows: a. Procreating: bringing children into being to play various roles in society. b. Meeting the physical needs of each other: the Lord God had stated; â€Å"it is not good that the man should live alone, I will make him a help meet for him† Genesis 2:18 KJV). In other words, God Himself observed that man needed a companion to help him cope with life’s labors, for he (Adam, the first to be created), had been assigned to dress and keep the garden of Eden, a task that needed a helping hand. Much could however be said about meeting the physical needs of humankind through the marriage institutions, but it may be summed up in this popular proverb: â€Å"two heads are better than one. † After all, when the couple collaborate, they can achieve their life goals, better. c. Another big role the marriage institution plays in helping societies to thrive, and within the context of socialization is found in one of the most important functions of the married couples—raising up children in the fear of the Lord. We are to train our children the right way so that they can become good citizens when they grow (Proverbs 22:6). It is a known fact in every society today that single parenting is not the best way to raise children. True Christians therefore believe that God underscored the importance of child nurture through the cooperation of couples when He queried couples in the prophecy of Jeremiah, â€Å"Lift up your eyes and behold them that come from the north, where is the flock that was given thee, thy beautiful flock? † (Jeremiah 13:20 KJV). My favourite author had noted: The reason there are so many hardhearted men and women in our world is that true affection has been regarded as weakness and has been discouraged and repressed. The better part of the nature of persons of this class was perverted and dwarfed in childhood, and unless rays of divine light melt away their coldness and hardhearted selfishness, the happiness of such is buried forever (E. G. White, Adventist Home, p. 108, emphasis mine). In her book Child Guidance, the same author made the following observation. â€Å"To the mother and father the right training of their children is the most important work of their life† (E. G White, Child Guidance, p. 556). To sum up the role marriage plays in the process of socialization, and how it helps societies to thrive, one may realize that marriage is a very indispensable institution when it comes to life on earth. It takes couples collaborative efforts in marriage to procreate, or bring forth offspring. And when couple bear children, these kids need to be nurtured to play various roles in societies. It has been identified that as these couples cooperate to meet each other’s physical, emotional and psychological needs, they can also help train children in the fear of the Lord for the benefit of society. 2. Economic Institutions: Many physical and material needs of society are provided by economic institutions. Industries, banks, companies, all collaborate to meet the needs of people in a society. However provision of needs by these economic institutions could be disrupted by disorder of one kind or another. Peace is therefore needed in every society. To obtain peace in societies, we need political institutions. 3. Political Institutions: These exist to maintain peace and stability within a country or society, namely; chieftaincy, national governance, the police service, the army, etc. Without these services, no society can obtain peace and her economic needs. Think of a nation without any peace keeping force and the upsurge of armed robbery! Your conclusion shall be as true as mine. 4. Religious Institutions and groups: Every society has religious institutions that help to meet the emotional and psychological needs of her members. Specifically every society has people who are prone to seek answers to explain the unknown, the metaphysical world, etc. It is the religious institution that help people to gain answers to questions that bother them. However, because people have unique characteristics, and needs, religious groups are many. This is because there have been different approaches to obtain emotional satisfaction by people at various levels in their life. Four religious groups may be identified presently: a. Monotheism b. Pantheism c. Theism d. Atheism Monotheism: believers who hold this faith worship one God, eg. Judaism, Islam, Christianity. Pantheism: pantheistic believers consider God as present in nature Theism: Believers in Theism think God exists. Atheism: Those who believe in Atheism argue that there is no God. Conclusion In this lesson we have defined sociology of education and educational sociology. We are told that sociology of education considers the influence of education on society, and that of educational sociology also considers the influence of society on education. Sociology itself has been defined as the scientific study of human group life. We are also told that every society has four characteristics, namely, a) a geographical location, b) culture and a population, c) specific needs, d) and inbuilt mechanisms to meet these needs. It is interesting to note that all societies thrive within four institutions, namely; marriage, economic, political and religious groups. An understanding of the harmonious functions of these four institutions is required by every teacher. Even though this course is not a detailed study of the named institutions, yet it is important that teachers read around them. Chapter Three Role of community and the school in African Education The concepts Sociology of education and educational Sociology spell out the fundamental mutual roles the community and school play interdependently. We have established that Sociology of education examines the influence of the school on society. Educational sociology on the other hand deals with the influence society has on education. Role of the Community in African Education In this lesson we will take a look at the role of the community in general, in traditional education in Ghana. Traditional Education (TE) is also known as informal education. The role of the community on African education is similar to the influence of society on formal education. However the context is quite different; ten roles the community plays in African education may be identified presently: 1. Livelihood Skills: One of the major roles of the community in Traditional Education is the training of the youth to acquire livelihood skills. Carpentry, Masonry, blacksmithing and farming are some of the livelihood skills the community teaches in African education. Families identify people with these special trades within the community and send their wards to them for training in the context of apprenticeship. Only three of the many ways livelihood skills are taught by the community are recounted here: a. My son or daughter could learn the trade that I have when she is born. Better still I can encourage my child to learn a trade outside my home, with someone in the community whose trade is beneficial. b. All children in the traditional community undergo communal labour of one kind or another. By so doing they learn interdependence or co-operation skills that underpin the rationale behind international trade. No one can survive by living as a hermit or as a misanthrope. In other words, only few people can live meaningful lives by living alone without recourse to anybody in times of crisis. We need each other in a mutual context. c. Sometimes the community members discipline children who may go wayward. However, no community member with a questionable character was allowed to discipline any child in the society. Chinua Achebe had said that, the voice of the cock at dawn benefits everyone in the community; nevertheless, it belongs to its owner. This adage of Achebe is true in traditional societies. Children are known to belong to everyone though they have individual parents. As children are corrected from time to time by the disciplined elders in the community, they grow to internalize these disciplinary skills, and practice same when they grow to become matured men and women whose tremendous support to the community cannot be overemphasized. Thus, learning existing trade in one’s community, engaging the youth in communal labour and the way the elderly in the community disciplined every child in traditional African communities; depict the major role these communities play in maintaining the survival and continuity of society. By this, the traditional African education system, is thus impacted by the community in general. 2. Role Modeling: The members of a community in general serve as role models. The good life some community elders live is copied by the growing youth, as well as that of their parents. While children have not grown to enter organized school system the life of the people they see in their community serves as a guide and inspiration for their future life. 3. The spirit of nationalism: The community instills in their youth the spirit of nationalism and civic governance. How is this done? Antwi (1992, p. 208) has this to say: â€Å"It has been observed by eminent comparative educationist that what goes on outside the schools matters even more than what goes on inside them. † This renowned educationist further argued that although traditional education is informal, yet it focuses on the survival and transmission of ideas, cherished at the time to ensure continuity of society and its members in and through many socio- cultural practices. No society can continue to exist without a form of organization of its members into corporate groups with rules and regulations to govern them. That is why Antwi (1992) was very much concerned about what goes on outside the school. It is socio –cultural practices that bind people together to ensure the continuity of society, and the survival of nations. It is therefore right to state that the spirit of nationalism is instilled in children outside the classroom, precisely through the efforts of the community at large. 4. Team spirit: The team spirit popularly known as the â€Å"Nnoboa† system in traditional communities impacts the growing youth in a tremendous way: Children and the youth are engaged in diverse ways when it comes to the traditional Nnoboa system: a. Children are sent on errands to deliver messages about an impending task in the Nnoboa system. b. Some of them carry prepared food and water to farms where the Nnoboa task is being executed. c. They are made to carry various implements to the various task grounds. d. Some of the youth are engaged to carry out specific tasks. The role everyone plays during communal labour and the â€Å"Nnoboa† system enhances and fortifies team spirit among members of the community. 5. Family Life Lessons: Another way by which the community influences traditional education is through family life lessons, especially cultural obligations like the performance of puberty rites. Before the child enters the formal education system, it had learnt a lot, including the value of chastity. Parents inculcate this value into their children, and so does the community at large. 6. Hardship and endurance lessons: Household chores, labour on farms, carrying firewood and load from farm and bush; all strengthen the youth to grow to face adult problems with full alacrity. Question: will children of today give a helping hand to the old lady or man, coming from somewhere with heavy load? Will they do so not for reward but for service? Perhaps a few may do that but not many children. Communities in traditional African Societies inculcate in the growing youth the spirit of sacrifice in carrying out various tasks to aid adults and significant others without seeking reward of any kind. Volunteerism is a legacy from traditional African communities to the traditional education system. 7. Relationship Building: The community also helps children to build good interpersonal relationships. This is achieved as children witness social gatherings where arbitration and other cultural displays take place. Through cultural festivities, children learn to love one another. Also on such festive occasions disputes in families are settled, annual plans for development of the communities formulated. (1) 8. Intellectual Training: Intellectual training through the running of errands is another important legacy the community imparts to the traditional education system, and the growing child. In traditional societies, every child learns to execute errands with due accuracy. Children are required to be honest and true, mincing no words about what needs to be relayed. By keeping in memory information to transmit, children develop sharp memories. Witty sayings and riddles of the elders trigger critical thinking and help children to develop analytical thinking skills. 9. Health Lessons: Traditional African communities have very laudable health rules and regulations that are more or less conventional, because there is no record on them. These health principles are passed on to the Traditional African Education system, by oral tradition. Categories of health principles include: a. Exercise, through walking to deliver errands, sometimes long distant walks; local African games like Ampe for girls; farming or gardening, etc. , are part of the life style of the traditional youth and adults. b. Treatment of diseases through herbs. In those days the sick in traditional African societies were healed through herbs and other preventive measures. c. Meals were made up largely of fruits and vegetables. d. Positive thinking: petty squabbles, bickering and animosity were prohibited. Should any occur, the elders met over it and settled such cases promptly. e. Promiscuity was very rare. In typical traditional African Societies, sex was only for adults, and even here, within married homes. Teenage pregnancy was very uncommon within African Communities. 10. Moral Values: Stealing, adultery, lies, etc. , were frowned upon in traditional communities, and these prohibitions were passed to into the traditional education system. Role of the School in African Education If the community has so many roles to play in African Education, then formal education has also a role to play to help make informal education, meaningful. Of the many roles the schools have to play to make informal education meaningful, only five of them may be identified presently: 1. Teachers are to be role models. When children copy worthwhile values, they move into the traditional homes with such knowledge and consequently instruct parents†¦ â€Å"Teacher says that†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Let me cite an example: Methods of purifying water like boiling and decantation are sent to traditional homes by pupils who took their science lessons serious, and wisely transmitted such information to ignorant parents. Having acquired such knowledge, parents pass them on to those to be born. 2. In Lokko Parentis: Teachers are to be surrogates. A surrogate mother or father is one who plays the role of the real parent. Surrogacy is the practice of giving birth to a baby for another woman who is unable to have babies herself. The woman who cannot produce children could get a baby from one who is fertile. Then she is expected to treat the child as a real mother will treat her son or daughter with love and affection. Such a child will feel secure, confident and happy. Surrogate parents are true parents in replicate. It is only when the child in a traditional home finds the classroom teacher as a second parent, will it learn with due confidence. 3. Modern Technology: People in traditional societies see the school as indispensable. Some traditional people now know that it is through schooling that the world is now a global community, especially with the advent of the computer and internet. With the coming of emails, the traditional post office transactions have reduced tremendously. Children in traditional homes are so influenced by Information Technology (IT) that they can now manipulate face books, Linked in; Twitter, to mention just a few. However the popular SAKAWA is becoming a notorious practice, for it is associated using knowledge in IT to siphon people’s money in bank deposits. 4. Scholarship: When it comes to scholarship, the school plays a tremendous role in traditional African Education system. Parents are glad to see their children gain funding to study abroad to come down to their society as big men and women. In fact, the knowledge and status these children gain from scholarships tend to enhance the progress of society and the communities to which they belong. This is especially true when it comes to political governance. 5. Agriculture: It is believed that when traditional farmers learn modern techniques of crop production, they become better farmers than when they used the traditional methods. Just as knowledge from the traditional education system impacts formal education, so it is that, knowledge from the school help traditional education. Question: Discuss the role of the school and the community in traditional African Education system. Chapter Four Indigenous Ghanaian Education Western Formal Education compared In this chapter, we will compare indigenous Ghanaian education with Western formal education system. Indigenous Ghanaian Education (IGE) is that kind of non-literate education that equips the individual with all the knowledge and skills needed, in order to live meaningfully with other human beings. The main purpose of IGE is to integrate individuals into society. On the other hand Western formal education is that type of education that takes place in the classroom, with teachers, curriculum, infrastructure, etc. How IGE takes place: 1. It is informal and takes place anywhere, home, street, playground, etc. 2. There is no fixed time for instruction in IGE. It takes place from dusk to dawn. 3. Mode of teaching: There are no specific teaching syllabi, nor are there specially employed teachers, with classrooms, tables, chairs and stationery as we have in the Western formal education. a. Inappropriate behavior is corrected on the spot, by anyone who is deemed responsible in the community. However, anyone with a questionable character was disallowed from instructing the young ones. b. Though there is no formal training, some professions like chieftaincy, herbal medicine, hunting, carving, drumming, etc. , call for special training before practice. Would- be- professionals in the named fields, leave their homes to stay in various locations and study to become professionals. Here, teaching is basically by modeling and example. 4. Learning: In IGE learning is practical oriented. Students see and do. To become professionals in some fields like herbal medicine, students stay with the chief professionals for not less than five years, or even more! Characteristics of IGE Indigenous Ghanaian Education (IGE) has four characteristics: 1. Informal 2. Non-Literate 3. Utilitarian 4. Multivalent Informal From how IGE takes place we learnt that there are no classrooms nor paid teachers. There is no curriculum, no teachers, no research facilities, no libraries. Non-literate In IGE, there is no reading and writing, so there are no records for reference purposes. Important information is therefore lost to posterity. However knowledge gained is preserved through oral tradition. Information is passed on to offspring. The probability of such information becoming distorted or adulterated is very high. Utilitarian A major characteristic of IGE is its utilitarian nature. This term has to do with the occupation of people in IGE. None is unemployed. As children are born into various homes, they learn the type of occupation of their parents. The shepherd raises children who learn to care for sheep, goats or cattle; the blacksmith, farmer, fetish priest, etc. , also raise children who take to their occupation. Everyone in IGE is meaningfully occupied. Under IGE no one is jobless. The training and nurture in IGE is so comprehensive that everyone who trains becomes a responsible adult. The reason is due to the multivalent nature of IGE. Multivalent IGE is multivalent in the sense that it has many parts. Learners in IGE are trained Physically, Morally, Socially, emotionally and intellectually. a. Physical training: When we were discussing the role of the school and community in African Education, we noted that learners in IGE could exercise a lot, due to their involvement in running errands of varied kinds to various places, sometimes on long distances. The involvement of learners in traditional drumming and dancing assists body building, stretching and enhancing of muscles for efficient circulation of blood. b. Social dimension: Correct use of language is taught, communal labour is encouraged. The youth are heavily involved. Failure to attend communal labour attracted sanctions. Attending social functions to become acquainted with societal norms and values is also encouraged. c. Intellectual dimension: In discussing the role of the community in African education it was noted that running errands with delivery of accurate messages enhanced the intellect of learners. Besides, calendars were calculated without any mistake though there were no calendar records. Wise sayings and proverbs of the adults were tools to enhance memory power. Strong points in IGE IGE had many strong points, but only a few are recounted below: 1. Cost effectiveness: There is hardly any investment in IGE that went wasted. Every child born grew to inherit an occupational legacy. As mentioned earlier, there was no unemployment in IGE. 2. Instructors: Unlike Western formal education where learners had to be taught by paid teachers, IGE had instructors who were more or less voluntary. The siblings or friends on the street, the father or mother, and any significant other taught free of charge. There were no books to buy, no infrastructure to build; IGE was absolutely free! 3. Intellectual Development: Under IGE, learners’ memory was improved because every information had to be kept in memory. Weak points in IGE 1. There were no written records in IGE, so potential facts and information were either lost or distorted. 2. Information on treatment of certain diseases were hidden or lost to posterity. There were no materials for future reference. 3. Research was not carried out to prove the authenticity of theories: for example, women who grew beard were classified as witches. In some traditional societies, convulsion is attributed to the work of witches and wizards. Such beliefs slow down the progress of society. Similarities between IGE and formal education: 1. Both IGE and formal education have trained personnel. Priests, herbalists and apprenticeship needed special training to function meaningfully. 2. In formal education and IGE, character transformation and development are common objectives. 3. Intellectual development is paramount in formal education and IGE, and especially in the latter. Chapter Five Rural -Urban dichotomy Current educational system and distribution of educational resources appear to favour urban than rural areas. The B. Ed. teacher needs to understand challenges in both urban and rural areas within the Ghana Education Service. The table below depicts the 12 major criteria for comparison of education delivery of urban and rural areas, in Ghana. URBAN AREA RURAL AREA 1. Infrastructure is available. Learners have limited infrastructure and sometimes learn under trees. 2. Enrolment in urban schools is teeming, even over. Very limited enrolment, and in some villages classes are combined. 3. Teachers are available for both sexes in urban areas. However, over staffing is sometimes found in some urban schools. Teachers are scarce in rural areas especially the female counterpart. 4. Learners in urban areas could benefit from distant learning facilities, such as TV, radio, etc. In some rural areas there are no facilities for distance learning; even news papers, radio and TV are unavailable. 5. In urban areas sources of good drinking water are many. For example we have pure drinking water, packaged in sachets; then we have pipe borne water, and bore holes. In rural areas, sources of drinking water include bore holes, rivers, streams, and ponds. Bore holes could be safe; so are some river waters. However ponds and streams might need purification before consumption. Bad drinking water however scares teachers from accepting posting to rural areas. 6. Distance to school may not be a problem in Urban areas because, means of transport is available except the cost involved. In rural areas, distance to school is always a problem. Learners have to travel miles to school; they get exhausted by the time they reach school. This could affect learning progress. 7. School logistics are available in urban areas. In rural areas, school logistics are scarce. Teachers have to improvise sometimes, to meet learning needs. 8. Food is in urban areas, so learners are fed if only their parents give them money. Food is unavailable for students in rural areas, however, some carry cooked food to school. Others go to school on empty stomach leading to poor performance. 9. Students could be punctual to school. Students may be late for school. 10. Parents and teachers’ association (PTA) could be organized easily. It is difficult to organize PTA in rural areas. 11. It is easy to elicit funding for school infrastructure in urban areas. It is difficult to get funding for school infrastructure, in rural areas. 12. It is believed that urban students hardly become innovators. It has been discovered that great innovators, educators and philosophers attended school in rural areas. Problems in rural and urban education delivery and suggested solutions 1. Infrastructure: Whether in the rural or urban areas, when ever infrastructure problem is identified, organizing and soliciting PTA support will be very meaningful. Non-governmental organizations could also be invited to help. 2. Enrolment drive: When there is a problem in over or under enrolment, the teacher must make time to seek solution for it. First, if it is over enrolment, the ideal is to arrange with the school head or administrators to split the classes. This will however call for class accommodation and extra teachers.